Description
The aim of this study is to research, analyze, and represent the particulate emission control strategies of key global OEMs for powertrain technologies in vehicles with direct injected gasoline engines. The prime objectives of this study are:
• Providing a strategic overview of the European and North American powertrain approaches for PM emission reduction;
• Discussing the role of combustion optimization technologies, fuel system changes, particulate filters, and other technologies for PM reduction and their relative significance at different OEMs;
• Listing key technology trends, market drivers, restraints, and challenges for PM reduction systems covered as part of this study; emphasizing the effectiveness of these systems as an emission reduction technology, discussing the suitability of these under different applications;
• Profiling OEMs, including their PM control approaches for GDI engines in the current and future portfolio, technology preferences, technology, and development strategies.
The PM reduction target for OEMs will get more stringent with stronger air quality control measures and testing procedures. An analysis of the technology adoption roadmaps of major OEMs reveals that manufacturers such as PSA, Renault-Nissan, Toyota, and Ford are likely to meet their targets, whereas other OEMs such as Daimler, BMW, and Hyundai will have to expand their strategies to meet these norms. In-cylinder optimization includes modifications of fuel systems, software improvements, as well as fuel composition. Major OEMs—BMW, Ford, Honda, Nissan, and Daimler are adopting in-cylinder optimization in parallel with exhaust treatments to reduce PM emissions. Changing from New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) to Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) is currently a big hurdle for OEMs to attain reduced emissions and enhanced performance. WLTP test cycles would begin to phase in into the automotive market and OEMs will look to implement cheaper and innovative technologies that would help the use of WLTP cycles.
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