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Third-generation photovoltaics represent a fundamental shift in how solar energy is harvested, integrated, and scaled—moving beyond conventional silicon toward tunable, lightweight, and application-specific photovoltaic materials. By advancing perovskite, organic, tandem, and quantum-dot architectures, the industry is unlocking new capabilities in ...

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are emerging as one of the more versatile photovoltaic technologies inthe third-generation solar cell technology domain, owing to their unique characteristics of flexibility, ultralightweight form factors, low-temperature processing, and compatibility with high-throughput printing techniques. Advancements in donor–accepto...

Pink hydrogen, produced using electricity, heat, or a combination of both from nuclear power has emerged as a scalable and low-carbon pathway for global decarbonization. Rapid advancements in nuclear-integrated electrolysis, including alkaline, PEM, and SOEC systems, are enabling deeper thermal coupling, improved conversion efficiency, and enhanced...

Advanced flow battery technologies are emerging as foundational systems for next-generation long-duration energy storage. Innovations in redox chemistry, electrolyte formulations, stack engineering, and modular system architecture have enhanced round-trip efficiency, reliability, and cost competitiveness. These batteries enable multihour renewable ...

Solid-state batteries are emerging as a key technology for the future of electric vehicles and grid storage, offering enhanced safety, energy density, durability, and thermal stability compared with conventional lithium-ion systems. Advances in inorganic, polymer, and hybrid solid electrolytes, lithium-metal anodes, and next-generation cathodes are...

Supercapatteries are rapidly emerging as advanced electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems that bridge the energy–power gap between conventional batteries and supercapacitors. By combining capacitive and faradaic charge storage mechanisms, they deliver enhanced energy density while maintaining high power capability, fast charge–discharge rates,...

Quasi-solid-state batteries (QSSBs) are emerging as a promising next-generation lithium battery technology that bridges the gap between conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). By integrating a confined liquid electrolyte within a polymer, inorganic, or hybrid solid framework, QSSBs combine the high ionic con...