Over 21.6 million units of light-duty electric vehicles (EVs) were sold worldwide in 2025, representing a 23.5% year-over-year (YoY) growth. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) accounted for 66.8% of all EVs sold, while plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) accounted for 33.2%. The PHEV share declined by 3% in 2025. The global EV penetration in the light-duty vehicle (LDV) segment increased from 26.9% in 2024 to 32.0% in YTD 2025.

Among regions, Asia-Pacific (APAC) has the highest EV penetration in the LDV segment at 35.3%. BYD remains the market leader, selling over 4.4 million units, followed by Tesla with 1.6 million units. Charging point installations reached the 6.3 million mark in 2025, with 1 charging connector per 11 EVs.

The global EV market demonstrated resilience and maturity in 2025, achieving record sales despite policy uncertainty and geopolitical headwinds. The next phase of EV competition will be defined less by range and more by cost leadership, software intelligence, ultra-fast charging, and energy services. EV penetration in the top 10 markets highlights a widening gap between mature electrification leaders and emerging adopters, reflecting differing policy, infrastructure, and affordability dynamics. Geopolitical oil shocks accelerate electrification globally, but hybrids dominate the transition where infrastructure or affordability constraints persist.

At this juncture, the shift from 400 V to 800 V architectures pushes higher power density and efficiency requirements, which in turn accelerates the adoption of integrated 5-in-1 e-axles. Vehicles are shifting from static hardware-based models to updatable, software-defined platforms, enabling real-time personalization, regulatory compliance via over-the-air (OTA) updates, and enhanced cybersecurity.

Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are leveraging FODs, subscriptions, and data-driven services for monetization. OEMs will expand SDV architecture to integrate AI-driven personalization, predictive maintenance, and automated driving features. More partnerships with cloud providers are expected. Motor technology is shifting from a component choice to a strategic differentiator that defines EV performance, cost competitiveness, and scalability. Most markets have either reduced or discontinued cash incentives on EVs, forcing OEMs to lower EV prices to keep up with demand and compete with conventional vehicles.

Battery management systems (BMS) and analytics, EV battery second life, and testing and validation will leverage AI and digitization. The development of V2G-compatible vehicles spearheads technological progress and is a priority, as next-generation charging infrastructure will demand them.

The report’s study period is 2024–2030, with 2025 as the base year and 2026–2030 as the forecast period. Passenger EVs and light commercial vehicles are in the project scope, with regional insights for Europe, the Americas, China, APAC (excluding China), and the Middle East and Africa.

Author: Prajyot Sathe