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Life Cycle CO2 Emissions Assessment on the European Zero-Emission Battery Electric Truck Industry
Efficient Battery Manufacturing Processes and Charging Time Demonstrate Potential Reductions in CO2 Emissions per Battery Electric Truck by Up to 30%
15-Dec-2023
Europe
Market Research
PF6B-01-00-00-00
AU_2023_452
Electric truck adoption is increasing across geographies. An electric truck is a zero-emission vehicle during operation but while charging, the electricity is generated from sources that emit CO2. Similarly, energy-intensive manufacturing processes of Li-Ion batteries add to the CO2 emission trail of a BEV truck. In this research, Frost & Sullivan experts assess a BEV truck's total lifecycle CO2 emissions, starting from the mining and extraction of critical battery minerals to energy-intensive battery production processes to the electric vehicle operation within the United States, up until end-of-life recycling and recovery.
The scope of the study covers the complete lifecycle CO2 emission assessment for a battery electric truck operating in Western Europe across light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty truck segments. The results are compared with a diesel truck to gauge the total CO2 emissions of a diesel truck versus a BEV. The study covers vast subjects such as global resources of critical battery minerals, geopolitical challenges, and the electricity generation mix of countries in Western Europe where the truck is assumed to operate.
In conclusion, the results of the comparison of total lifecycle CO2 emissions put to rest questions on whether the battery electric vehicle emission trail is cleaner than that of a diesel truck. The total CO2 emissions in BEV trucks are lesser than that of diesel trucks across the lifecycle by more than 80%.
Author: Christus Divyan
Why Is It Increasingly Difficult to Grow?
The Strategic Imperative 8™
The Impact of the Top 3 Strategic Imperatives on the European Zero-emission Vehicle (ZEV) Industry
Growth Opportunities Fuel the Growth Pipeline Engine™
Life Cycle CO2 Emissions
Scope of Analysis
Growth Drivers
Growth Restraints
Methodology
EV Li-ion Battery Manufacturing Process
Major Steps Involved in EV Li-ion Battery Manufacturing
Snapshot of Lithium Mining and Extraction
Snapshot of Cobalt Mining and Extraction
Snapshot of Nickel Mining and Extraction
Snapshot of Graphite Mining and Extraction
Snapshot of Refining and Upgrades
Active Material Production and Cell Assembly: Process and Energy Demand
Snapshot of Battery Gigafactories
Snapshot of Coal-based Electricity Generation
Primary Impact Factors
Impact of CO2 Emissions on Battery Manufacturing Forecast
CO2 Emissions in Battery Manufacturing Process
Use Case and Forecast Assumptions
Germany: Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact
France: Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact
Spain: Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact
Germany: Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios
France: Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios
Spain: Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios
LDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle Overview
LDT: Snapshot of Cycle A Charging
LDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions
LDT: Snapshot of Cycle D Charging
LDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions
LDT: Snapshot of Cycle H Charging
LDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions
LDT: Cycles A to H CO2 Emissions
MDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle Overview
MDT: Snapshot of Cycle A Charging
MDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions
MDT: Snapshot of Cycle D Charging
MDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions
MDT: Snapshot of Cycle H Charging
MDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions
MDT: Cycles A to H CO2 Emissions in First Life
HDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle
HDT: Snapshot of Cycle A Charging
HDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions
HDT: Snapshot of Cycle D Charging
HDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions
HDT: Snapshot of Cycle H Charging
HDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions
HDT: Cycles A to H Total CO2 Emissions in First Life
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, LDT: Diesel vs. BEV
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, LDT: Break-even Point
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, MDT: Diesel vs. BEV
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, MDT: Break-even Point
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, HDT: Diesel vs. BEV
Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment, HDT: Break-even Point
Growth Opportunity 1: Tracking of CO2 Emissions
Growth Opportunity 1: Tracking of CO2 Emissions (continued)
Growth Opportunity 2: Design and Process Improvement
Growth Opportunity 2: Design and Process Improvement (continued)
Growth Opportunity 3: Vertical Integration and Partnerships
Growth Opportunity 3: Vertical Integration and Partnerships (continued)
Your Next Steps
Why Frost, Why Now?
List of Exhibits
List of Exhibits (continued)
List of Exhibits (continued)
Legal Disclaimer
List of Figures
- Life Cycle CO2 Emission Assessment of BETs: Growth Drivers, Europe, 2024–2039
- Life Cycle CO2 Emission Assessment of BETs: Growth Restraints, Europe, 2024–2039
- Share of Coal in Electricity Generation by Country, 2023
- Impact of CO2 Emissions on Battery Manufacturing Forecast, Europe, 2023 and 2030
- CO2 Emissions in Battery Manufacturing, Europe, 2023–2030
- Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact, Germany, 2023
- Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact, France, 2023
- Electricity Generation by Source and CO2 Impact, Spain, 2023
- Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios, Germany, 2030–2040
- Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios, France, 2030–2040
- Electricity Generation Forecast Scenarios, Spain, 2030–2040
- LDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle, Europe, 2023–2030
- LDT Cycle A Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2023, 2027, and 2032
- LDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2023–2032
- LDT: Cycle D Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2026, 2030, and 2035
- LDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2026–2035
- LDT: Cycle H Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2030, 2034, and 2039
- LDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2030–2039
- LDT: Cycles A to H Total CO2 Emissions in First Life, Europe, 2023–2030
- MDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle, Europe, 2023–2030
- MDT: Cycle A Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2023, 2026, and 2030
- MDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2023–2030
- MDT: Cycle D Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2026, 2029, and 2033
- MDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2026–2033
- MDT: Cycle H Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2030, 2033, and 2037
- MDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2030–2037
- MDT: Cycles A to H CO2 Emissions in First Life, Europe, 2023–2030
- HDT: Operational Characteristics and User Cycle, Europe, 2023–2030
- HDT: Cycle A Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2023 and 2028
- HDT: Cycle A First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2023–2028
- HDT: Cycle D Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2026 and 2031
- HDT: Cycle D First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2026–2031
- HDT: Cycle H Charging Snapshot, Europe, 2030–2035
- HDT: Cycle H First Life CO2 Emissions, Europe, 2030–2035
- HDT: Cycles A to H Total CO2 Emissions in First Life, Europe, 2023–2030
- Lifecycle CO2 Emission Assessment of LDT: Diesel vs. BEV, Europe, 2023–2039
- Lifecycle CO2 Emission Assessment of LDT: Break-even Point, Europe, 2022–2039
- Lifecycle CO2 Emission Assessment of MDT: Diesel vs. BEV, Europe, 2023–2027
- Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment of MDT: Break-even Point, Europe, 2022–2037
- Lifecycle CO2 Emission Assessment of HDT: Diesel vs. BEV, Europe, 2023–2027
- Lifecycle CO2 Emissions Assessment of HDT: Break-even Point, Europe, 2022–2037
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