The growing scarcity of natural resources, along with the harmful environmental impacts of emissions and discarded materials in the landfills and water bodies are the pressing current challenges faced globally. This has warranted the need to adopt circular economy (CE) principles, over the prevailing linear economy models, in every stages of the supply chain of any industry. Circular economy offers an alternative strategy to recover resources and return them to production as part of a sustainable future. Circular economy presses on staging out waste and pollution, retaining products and materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. The emphasis on retaining and recycling resources highlights one significant element: how to better recover, return, and utilize materials currently collected as wastes to encourage circularity. The “3Rs” (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a dated approach for improving resource efficiency whereas circular economy emphasize the need to integrate such strategies upfront during the design stage in order to achieve complete circularity of resources. In the last decade, circular economy principles were largely focused on recycling of consumer products such as plastic bags and plastic bottles, mainly focused on curbing the harmful environmental impacts. A focus shift is witnessed toward adopting technologies that enable the recovery and reuse of resources, from end-of-life products that pose supply chain risks owing to limited availability. A good example is the increasing consumption of consumer electronics such as mobile phones and laptops and the increase in the interest for batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage. This research study focuses on four key areas where resource recovery can play a vital role in achieving cost savings, mitigating supply chain risks, and improving the overall sustainability. This includes water and wastewater treatment for resource recovery and reuse, capture of carbon emissions for reuse, electronic waste (e-waste) and batteries recycling, and food and agro waste upcycling.