Future Skateboard and Platform Architecture Strategies of Electric Vehicle (EV) Companies

Why is it Increasingly Difficult to Grow?

The Strategic Imperative 8™

The Impact of the Strategic Imperative 8™ on the Automotive Industry

Growth Opportunities Fuel the Growth Pipeline Engine™

Shifting Landscape—CASE Convergence

Focus on Electrification

Focus on Electrification (continued)

Platform-based Approach to CASE

Three Key Platform Types

EV Platforms

Existing EV Platform Derivatives

Platform Efficiency

Business Models

Summary of Business Model Approaches

Summary of Business Model Approaches (continued)

Competitive Landscape—Focus Areas

Competitive Landscape—Focus Areas for Traditional OEMs

Competitive Landscape—Focus Areas for Traditional OEMs (continued)

GM’s Autonomy

Volkswagen’s MEB

REE Platform

P/F Momentum—Cost, Access to Technology, and Time to Market are Strategic Rationales

Outsourcing Model—OEMs’ Interim Strategies to Gain Access to Timely and Vital Knowledge

Monet—Example of a Completely Integrated Platform (P/F + E/E + S/W + Vehicle + Mobility OS)

Silver Bullet—P/F that Integrates Hardware and Software Along with Data Analysis Capability

Silver Bullet—P/F that Integrates Hardware and Software Along with Data Analysis Capability (continued)

Silver Bullet—P/F that Integrates Hardware and Software Along with Data Analysis Capability (continued)

OEMs/Engineering Communities—Use P/Fs in a Strategic Way to Communicate their Portfolios

P/F Strategies—Provision of Both Cost and R&D Versus Business Model Only (Maas, for Example)

Final Product—Digital Rolling Chassis (Electrically Driven Chassis)

Core Objective—Allow OEMs to Focus on Self-Drive Systems and the Development of Fleet Operations

Disruptive Proposition—P/F Providers are Positioning Themselves as One-stop Shops

Roadblock—Total Addressable Market (TAM) and Economies of Scale

Roadblock—Total Addressable Market (TAM) and Economies of Scale (continued)

Total Addressable Market

Varied Roles of Market Participants

Levels of Engagement

Levels of Engagement (1 to 7)

P/F Impact on Braking Systems—Integrated Module

P/F Impact on Braking Systems

P/F Impact on Steering Systems—Steer-by-wire Module

P/F Impact on Steering Systems—Steer-by-wire Development

Growth Opportunity 1—Modularity, Scalability, and Built-in Fail-operational Capabilities will Need to Become Core Attributes of Future EV/AD Platforms

Growth Opportunity 1—Modularity, Scalability, and Built-in Fail-operational Capabilities will Need to Become Core Attributes of Future EV/AD Platforms (continued)

Growth Opportunity 2—Platform Licensing will Help OEMs Recover the High Investment Made in P/F Development

Growth Opportunity 2—Platform Licensing will Help OEMs Recover the High Investment Made in P/F Development (continued)

Your Next Steps

Why Frost, Why Now?

List of Exhibits

Legal Disclaimer