Technological Advancements Enabling Carbon Capture and Sequestration

1.1 Why Is It Increasingly Difficult to Grow?The Strategic Imperative 8™: Factors Creating Pressure on Growth

1.2 The Strategic Imperative 8™

1.3 The Impact of the Top Three Strategic Imperatives on the Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) Industry

1.4 Growth Opportunities Fuel the Growth Pipeline Engine™

2.1 Research Context and Scope

2.2 Key Questions Addressed

2.3 Research Methodology

2.4 Key Findings in CCS Technologies

3.1 Global Need to Reduce Emissions to Align with Carbon Neutrality Targets

3.2 CCS Technologies for Deep Decarbonization

3.3 CCS Technologies—Technology Maturity Level

3.4 Growth Drivers

3.5 Growth Restraints

3.6 CCS Value Chain

4.1 Pre-combustion Process Has High Carbon Capture Rate Even from Exhaust Streams with Low Carbon Dioxide Concentration

4.2 Most Commercially Proven Post-combustion Capture Process is Solvent Absorption

4.3 Solvent Absorption Enables High Rate of Carbon Dioxide Capture

4.4 Solid Adsorption Requires Lower Energy for Enhanced Carbon Capture and Solvent Regeneration

4.5 Membrane Separation Selectively Segregates Emissions from the Exhaust Stream

4.6 Direct Air Capture Enables High Recovery of Carbon Dioxide Directly from the Atmosphere

5.1 Compression and Purification Ensure Captured Carbon Dioxide is Adequate for Transport and Storage

6.1 Extensive Development of Carbon Storage and Monitoring Technologies

6.2 Mechanisms Trapping Carbon Dioxide Within the Subsurface of Geological Formations

6.3 Essential Criteria to Evaluate and Select Suitable Storage for Captured Emissions

6.4 Storage Reservoirs—Geological Formations Permanently Store Carbon Dioxide

6.5 Storage Reservoirs—Ocean Storage at Depths Below 1,000 Meters Permanently Store Carbon Dioxide

6.6 Storage Types—Saline Formations are Extensively Used for Carbon Storage

6.7 Storage Types—Global Basalt Reservoirs Will Increase Carbon Storage Volumes in the Future

6.8 Saline and Basalt Formations are Widespread and Abundant

7.1 Industrial Lung Based on Enzymatic Technology for Efficient Carbon Capture

7.2 Amine Solvent-based Liquid Absorption Technology for Carbon Capture

7.3 Patented Modular Carbon Capture Systems Enhance Decentralized Emissions Reduction

7.4 Small-scale DAC Facilities Reduce Emissions from Non-point Sources

7.5 Storing Captured Carbon Dioxide Under the Ocean Floor

7.6 Storing Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in Basalt Formations

7.7 Storing Carbon Dioxide in Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs

8.1 CCS in the Americas—Several CCS Facilities are in Operation

8.2 CCS in Europe—The European Green Deal is a Milestone for CCS Facilities Deployment

8.3 CCS in Asia-Pacific—Australia and Japan Accelerate CCS Activities

8.4 Existing Operational Storage Sites and Types

8.5 Indicative Costs Analysis for CCS Value Chain Components

8.6 The US Has a Significant Impact on the Patent Landscape in CCS

9.1 Growth Opportunity 1: Disruptive Technologies Increase Carbon Capture Rate

9.1 Growth Opportunity 1: Disruptive Technologies Increase Carbon Capture Rate (continued)

9.2 Growth Opportunity 2: R&D Investments for a Smooth Low-carbon Economy Transition

9.2 Growth Opportunity 2: R&D Investments for a Smooth Low-carbon Economy Transition (continued)

9.3 Growth Opportunity 3: R&D Partnerships to Ensure Cost-effective Carbon Sequestration

9.3 Growth Opportunity 3: R&D Partnerships to Ensure Cost-effective Carbon Sequestration (continued)

10.1 Key Contacts

11.1 Your Next Steps

11.2 Why Frost, Why Now?

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